Term 术语 "English Definition"

abort 中止 "To terminate abruptly a processing activity in a computer system because it is impossible or undesirable for the activity to procees."

Abstract 抽象 "1. In character recognition systems a type of symbol that, unlike a letter or numeral, has no intrinsic meaning and must be defined before it can be interpreted. 2. In programming a data type defined by the operations that can be performed on objects of t"

Accelerator 加速键 "1. In applications, a key or key combination used to perform a defined function. Also called shortcut key. 2. A hardware device that speeds or enhances the operation of one or more subsystems, leading to improved program performance. "

Accept 接受

access 访问 "1. The act of reading data from or writing data to memory. 2. Connection to the Internet or other network or system. 2. To gain entry to memory in order to read or write data."

Account 帐号 "A record of essential user information that is stored on the system.. Network accounts are created by network administrators and are used both to validate users and to administer policies-for example, permissions-related to each user."

Active 活动的 "Pertaining to the device, program, file, or portion of the screen that is currently operational or subject to command operations. "

Actor 演员

Actuator 传动臂 "A disk drive mechanism for moving the read/write head(s) to the location of the desired track on a disk. "

Add 添加

Address 地址 "1. A number specifying a location in memory where data is stored. 2. A unique code that specifies a particular computer (node) or site on the Internet or other network. 3. A code used to specify an e-mail destination."

Adjust 调整

Administration 管理 "The performing of maintenance tasks on a system or network"

Aggregate 聚合,合计

Alarm 警报 "A visual or auditory signal from a computer alerting the user to an error or hazardous situation."

Align 对齐 "In an application such as a word processor, to position lines of type relative to some point, such as the page margin. The most common types of alignment are left- and right-aligned and centered. "

Allow 允许

Alpha Alpha "A software product that is under development and has enough functionality to begin testing. "

alpha channel Alpha 通道 "The high-order 8 bits of a 32-bit graphics pixel used to manipulate the remaining 24 bits for purposes of coloring or masking. In computer graphics, memory associated with each pixel used to store the fractional coverage of the pixel."

Analog 模拟,模拟量 "Pertaining to a device or signal that is continuously varying in strength or quantity, such as voltage or audio, rather than based on discrete units, such as the binary digits 1 and 0. "

Analysis 分析 "The evaluation of a situation or problem, including review from various aspects or points of view. In computing, analysis commonly involves such features as flow control, error control, and evaluation of efficiency."

Anchor 锚点 "A tag in an HTML document that defines a section of text, an icon, or other element as a link to another element in the document or to another document or file. "

AND 与,AND "A logical operation combining the values of two bits (0, 1) or two Boolean values (false, true) that returns a value of 1 (true) if both input values are 1 (true) and returns a 0 (false) otherwise. "

Animation 动画 "The simulation of movement through a rapid succession of static images. "

Anonymous 匿名 "On the Internet, the standard login name used to obtain access to a public FTP file archive. "

Answer mode 应答模式 "A setting that allows a modem to answer an incoming call automatically. It is used in all fax machines. "

Antialiasing 反混淆 "A software technique (algorithm) for smoothing the jagged appearance of curved or diagonal lines caused by poor resolution on a display screen. "

Append 追加 "To place or insert as an attachment by adding data to the end of a file or database or extending a character string. To attach to the end of; most often used in reference to writing a file of adding to a string."

Applet 小程序 "An application working inside a small window in a panel. A program that can be downloaded over the Internet and executed on the recipient's machine. "

Application 应用程序,程序,应用 "A software program designed to assist in the performance of a specific task or for particlar user needs, such as word processing, accounting, or inventory management. "

Application Launcher 程序启动 "A button in the panel which launches an application or executes a command when pressed."

Applix Applix

Arc 圆弧

archive 归档 "A collection of several files bundled into one file by a program (such as ar, tar, bar or cpio) for shipment or archiving."

area grid 区域栅格

Argument 参数 "An item of information following a command. It may, for example, modify the command or identify a file to be affected. "

Array 数组,阵列 "In programming, a list of data values, all of the same type, any element of which can be referenced by an expression consisting of the array name followed by an indexing expression. An arrangement of elements in one or more dimensions."

Arrow key 方向键 "The four directional keys on the numeri keypad."

Article 文章

Ascending order 升序 "The arrangement of a sequence of items from lowest to highest, such as from 1 to 10 or from A to Z. "

Ascii Ascii "American Standard Code for Information Interchange; the standard describing a collection of characters and codes (i.e. sequences of zeros and ones, or numbers) assigned to them. ASCII characters include Latin letters, common punctuation marks, some specific. When you see a mention of an 'ASCII file' or 'ASCII text' somewhere, it usually means a plain text file which only uses symbols defined in ASCII standard, with no formatting information such as fonts to be used. ASCII is defined as a standard of American National Standards Institute (ANSI); the offical reference is ANSI X3.4-1986."

aspect ratio 纵横比,长宽比 "In computer displays and graphics, the ratio of the width of an image or image area to its height. The aspect ratio is an important factor in maintaining correct proportions when an image is printed, rescaled, or incorporated into another document."

Asynchronous 异步 "Without regular time relationship; unexpected and unpredictable with respect to the execution of a program's instructions. "

Attachment 附件 "Any file accompanying an e-mail message in a special format so that it can be viewed or saved to disk independently of the main message body."

Attribute 属性 "In a database record, the name or structure of a field. In screen displays, an element of additional information stored with each character. In markup languages such as SGML and HTML, a name-value pair within a tagged element that modifies certain feature"

Audio 音频 "Relating to frequencies within the range of perception by the human ear."

Authentication 验证 "In a multiuser or network operating system, the process by which the system validates a user's logon information. "

Author 作者 "Traditionally, to author meant to write a literary work or journalistic piece. In a computer context it means to create a product for implementation via computer technology; to write a computer program or to create Web pages. "

Autofill 自动填充

Availability 可用性 "In processing, the accessibility of a computer system or resource, such as a printer, in terms of usage or of the percentage of the total amount of time the device is needed."

Average 平均

Axis 轴 "In a chart or other two-dimensional system using coordinates, the horizontal line (x-axis) or vertical line (y-axis) that serves as a reference for plotting points. In a three-dimensional coordinate system, a third line (z-axis) is used to represent depth"

Background 后台 "In the context of processes or tasks that are part of an operating system or program, operating without interaction with the user while the user is working on another task. In the UNIX command line, the character <literal>&</literal> appended to a command will make that command run in the background."

Backup 备份 "A duplicate copy of a program, a disk, or data, made either for archiving purposes or for safeguarding valuable files from loss should the active copy be damaged or destroyed. "

Balance 平衡 "Adjustment of sources of sound so that the final transmission adheres to an artistic standard."

Base 基数 "In mathematics, a number that is raised to the power specified by an exponent. For example, in 23 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8, the base is 2."

Binary 执行码 "An executable program, so called because the file containing the program consists of machine-readable binary digits, i.e. ones and zeroes."

Binding 绑定 "1. Language-dependent code that allows a software library to be called from that computer language. 2. The process during which a client finds out where a server is so that the client can receive services. "

Binomial distribution 二项式分布 "In statistics, a list or a function that describes the probabilities of the possible values of a random variable chosen by means of a Bernoulli sampling process. Also called Bernoulli distribution."

Bit 位 "The minimal possible unit of information, a digit which can take values 0 or 1. Saying that the file has length n bits is equivalent to saying that it can be written as a sequence of n zeros and ones."

Bitmap 位图 "A data structure in memory that represents information in the form of a collection of individual bits. A bit map is used to represent a bit image. "

Blank 空白,空 "To not show or not display an image on part or all of the screen."

Blinking cursor 闪烁光标

block buffer 块缓冲

Blocked 阻塞 "A signal that is prevented from being transmitted"

Blur image 模糊图像

body 内容 "1. In e-mail and Internet newsgroups, the content of a message. 2. In HTML, SGML, and XML, a section of a document that contains the content of the document, along with tags describing characteristics of the content."

Bold 粗体 "A type style that makes the text to which it is applied appear darker and heavier than the surrounding text. "

book mark 书签 "1. A marker inserted at a specific point in a document to which the user may wish to return for later reference. 2. In Netscape Navigator, a link to a Web page or other URL that a user has stored in a local file in order to return to it later. "

Boolean 布尔值 "Characteristic of logical (true, false) values. "

Box 边框 "The boundary around a graphic image on screen. "

Branch 分支 "A node intermediate between the root and the leaves in some types of logical tree structure, such as the directory tree "

Bricks 砖

Browse 浏览 "To scan a database, a list of files, or the Internet, either for a particular item or for anything that seems to be of interest. "

Browser 浏览器 "Software that lets a user view HTML documents and access files and software related to those documents. "

Buffer 缓冲,缓冲区 "A region of memory reserved for use as an intermediate repository in which data is temporarily held while waiting to be transferred between two locations or devices. "

bug 问题,缺陷 "An error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to produce incorrect results. "

Build 联编

Bullet 项目符号 "A typographical symbol, such as a filled or empty circle, diamond, box, or asterisk, used to set off a small block of text or each item in a list. "

Bulletin Board 公告牌 "A computer system equipped with one or more modems or other means of network access that serves as an information and message-passing center for remote users. "

Bus 总线 "A circuit over which data or power is transmitted. The bus connects the processor, disk-drive controller, memory, and input/output ports-and enables them to transfer information. "

Busy 忙 "Temporarily performing a function or task."

Button 按钮 "A graphic element in a dialog box that, when activated, performs a specified function. "

Byte 字节 "8 bits, i.e. a sequence of 8 zeros and ones.There are 256 possible such sequences, so one can also say that one byte represents a number ranging from 0 to 255. Byte is the basic building block of filesystem: all files are composed of bytes. For text files, each byte represents one symbol."

C C "Refers to the C programming language, developed by Bell Laboratories in the early 1980s."

Cache 缓存,高速缓存 "A short-term storage area in RAM or on the hard disk. Many programs use caches to store recently-accessed files or other items."

Calculator 计算器 "Any device that performs arithmetic operations on numbers. "

Calendar 日历,日程表 "An application program in the form of an electronic calendar, commonly used for highlighting dates and scheduling appointments. "

Call 呼叫 "To establish a connection through a telecommunications network. "

Cancel 取消

canvas 画布

Caption 标题

Case Sensitive 区分大小写

Categories 类别,种类 "Groups of like settings in a property window."

CD CD "1. An individual compact disc, such as a CD-ROM. 2. Acronym for Carrier Detect, a signal sent from a modem to the attached computer to indicate that the modem is on line. "

CDE panel CDE 面板

Cell 单元格,单元 "1. The intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet. 2. An addressable (named or numbered) storage unit for information. A "

Cellular 网状(的),蜂窝状(的)

Center 居中 "To align characters around a point located in the middle of a line, page, or other defined area."

Channel 通道 "1. A path or link through which information passes between two devices. 2. In communications, a medium for transferring information. Depending on its type, a communications channel can carry information (data, sound, and/or video) in either analog or digi"

char cell 字符单元 "A rectangular block of pixels that represents the space in which a given character is drawn on the screen. "

Character set 字符集 "A collection of symbols, such as letters of one or several alphabets, digits, punctuation marks, etc. "

Chat 交谈,聊天 "Real-time conversation via computer. "

Check bit 校验位 "One of a set of bits that are added to a data message at its origin and scrutinized by the receiving process to determine whether an error has occurred during transmission. "

Checkbox 选择项 "A nonexclusive setting that shows a checkmark in a box when the setting is chosen. Check boxes are used to enable or disable one or more features or options from a set. "

child 子节点 "In a tree structure, the relationship of a node to its immediate predecessor. "

child process 子进程 "A process initiated by another process (the parent)."

Class 类 "In object-oriented programming, a generalized category that describes a group of more specific items, called objects, that can exist within it. "

Classification 分类

Clear 清除

Clipboard 剪贴板 "The temporary buffer into which text or other data can be copied, to be used later by pasting into a different location. Most applications support the clipboard either through native mouse-based cut and paste functionality of X Window System, or through s"

Close 关闭 "To change an open window into an icon on the desktop. To end an application's relationship with an open file so that the application will no longer be able to access the file without opening it again. To end a computer's connection with another computer o"

code 代码 "Program instructions. Source code consists of human-readable statements written by a programmer in a programming language. Machine code consists of numerical instructions that the computer can recognize and execute and that were converted from source code"

code segment 代码短 "1. A memory segment containing program instructions. 2. A named and segregated portion of a program's code typically performing a specific class of operations. "

Coefficient 系数

Collaboration 协作

Collate 排序 "In data handling, to merge items from two or more similar sets to create a combined set that maintains the order or sequence of items in the original sets."

Collision 冲突 "The result of two devices or network workstations trying to transmit signals at the exact same time on the same channel. "

Command 命令 "An instruction to a computer program which causes an action to be carried out. Commands are usually either typed at the keyboard or chosen from a menu."

Command Line 命令行 "A string of text written in the command language and passed to the command interpreter for execution. It can contain a command followed by arguments, options, file names and other expressions."

Command line options 命令行选项 "Parameters or arguments given on the UNIX command line after a program name, which tell the program how to run. "

Common properties 通用属性

Compare 比较 "To check two items, such as words, files, or numeric values, so as to determine whether they are the same or different. "

Concatenate 连接 "To string together two or more sequences into one longer sequencce (for example, to combine the two strings 'hello' and 'there' into the single string 'hello there'). "

Condition 条件 "The state of an expression or a variable (for example, when a result can be either true or false, or equal or not equal)."

Conduit 导管 "A pipe containing electric wires or cables, in order to protect them against damage from external causes."

Confidential 机密的

Configuration 配置 "In reference to a single microcomputer, the sum of a system's internal and external components, including memory, disk drives, keyboard, video, and generally less critical add-on hardware, such as a mouse, modem, or printer. Software (the operating system"

Confirm 确认

Confirmation 确认

Connection 连接 "A physical link via wire, radio, fiber-optic cable, or other medium between two or more communications devices."

Constraint 约束 "In programming, a restriction on the solutions that are acceptable for a problem."

Content 内容 "The data that appears between the starting and ending tags of an element in an SGML or HTML document. "

Continue 继续 "libgtop.pot"

Control 控制 "Management of a computer and its processing abilities so as to maintain order as tasks and activities are carried out. In a graphical user interface, an object on the screen that can be manipulated by the user to perform an action. The most common control"

Conversion 转换 "The process of changing from one form or format to another. Types of conversion include: data (changing the way information is represented), file (changing a file from one format to another), hardware (changing all or part of a computer system), media (tr"

Copy 复制 "To duplicate information and reproduce it in another part of a document, in a different file or memory location, or in a different medium. "

Copyright 版权 "A method of protecting the rights of an originator of a creative work, such as a text, a piece of music, a painting, or a computer program, through law. "

CORBA CORBA "Acronym for Common Object Request Broker Architecture. A specification developed by the Object Management Group in 1992 in which pieces of programs (objects) communicate with other objects in other programs, even if the two programs are written in differe"

Core file 核心转储文件 "A file created to hold a memory image useful for debugging problems when a program malfunctions."

Correlation 相关 "A linear transformation which in the plane maps lines into points and lines into points and in space maps points into planes and planes into points."

cos 余弦 "An expression used to denote the power factor of a circuit, the power factor being equal to the cosine of the angle of the phase difference between the current and voltage in the circuit."

Cost 开销

Count 计数

Covariance 协方差

CPU CPU "Acronym for central processing unit. The computational and control unit of a computer. The CPU is the device that interprets and executes instructions. By definition, the CPU is the chip that functions as the 'brain' of a computer. "

crash 崩溃 "For a system or program, to fail to function correctly, resulting in the suspension of operation. A program crash results in the loss of all unsaved data and can leave the operating system unstable enough to require restarting the computer. A disk drive c"

Create 创建

Criteria range 标准范围

Critical error 危险错误 "An error that suspends processing until the condition can be corrected either by software or by user intervention "

Crop 剪取 "In computer graphics, to cut off part of an image, such as unneeded sections of a graphic or extra white space around the borders. "

Cross-reference 交叉引用

Ctrl Ctrl "Short for control. A designation used to label the Control key on computer keyboards. "

Cumulative 累积的

Current 电流 "The flow of electric charge through a conductor, or the amount of such flow. Current is measured in amperes. Also used as a synonym to active."

cursor 光标 "A highlighted or animated icon which indicates the current position of the mouse on the screen, or the position where keyboard input will occur in a text window."

Curve 曲线

Customize 定制,自定义 "To modify or assemble hardware or software to suit the needs or preferences of the user. "

custom window 定制窗口

Cut 剪切 "To remove part of a document, usually placing it temporarily in memory or the clipboard so that the cut portion can be inserted (pasted) elsewhere. "

Daemon 服务进程,守护进程 "A background process providing basic system or network services. A daemon is activated only when needed, for example, to correct an error from which another program cannot recover."

Data 数据 "An item of information."

database 数据库 "A file composed of records, each containing fields together with a set of operations for searching, sorting, recombining, and other functions."

Debug 调试 "To detect, locate, and correct logical or syntactical errors in a program or malfunctions in hardware. In hardware contexts, the term troubleshoot is the term more often used."

decimal 十进制 "The base-10 numbering system. "

Decrease 减小,降低

Default 缺省,默认 "A choice made by a program when the user does not specify an alternative."

Delete 删除 "To eliminate text, a file, or part of a document with the intention of removing the information permanently. "

Dependence 依赖性,相关性 "The state in which one entity relies upon specific hardware, software, or specific events for its own definition or functionality. "

Derived 衍生的,派生的

Descending sort 降序排列 "A sort that arranges items in descending order-for example, with Z preceding A and higher numbers preceding lower ones. "

Descriptor 描述符 "A data structure that uniquely identifies a hardware device or software function. "

Desktop 桌面 "The on-screen work area, on which windows, icons, and other graphical items may be placed."

Desktop Environment 桌面环境 "Software which provides graphical user interface for users desktop. In addtition to capabilities provided by a window manager (that is, ability to move, resize, and hide windows), a desktop environment usually also includes such elements of GUI as a File "

Destination 目的,目标 "The location (drive, folder, or directory) to which a file is copied or moved. "

Destroy 摧毁,消灭

Detection 检测,探测

Device 设备 "A piece of hardware with which the system interacts, such as a hard disk, modem, printer or mouse."

Diagonal 对角的,斜的

Diagram 图表

Dial 拨号 "To establish connection that uses the public switched telephone network rather than a dedicated circuit or some other type of private network."

Dialog Box 对话框 "In a graphical user interface, a special window displayed by the system or application to solicit a response from the user. "

Dialout Device 拨号设备

Digits 数字 "One of the characters used to indicate a whole number (unit) in a numbering system. In any numbering system, the number of possible digits is equal to the base used. For example, the decimal (base-10) system has 10 digits, 0 through 9."

Dimension 维 "One of three or four coordinates determining a position in space or in space and time."

Direction 方向 "glade.pot"

Directory 目录 "A branch within UNIX's hierarchical file system; a 'folder' containing files or other directories (called 'subdirectories')."

Disable 禁用,停用 "To suppress something or to prevent it from happening. Disabling is a method of controlling system functions by disallowing certain activities. "

Discard 丢弃

Disconnect 断开 "To break a communications link."

Discrete 离散的 "Separate; individual; identifiable as a unit. "

disk 磁盘 "A round platter of flexible plastic coated with a magnetic material that can be electrically charged to hold information recorded in digital (binary) form. The magnetized medium is organised in concentric tracks and sectors for storing data."

Dismiss 解除,离开

Display 显示,显示器 "A visual presentation of data. The visual output device of a computer."

Dissipation 损耗,耗散 "Loss or diminution of power."

Distribute 分配,分布 "To allocate among locations or facilities, as in a data-processing function."

Distribution list 分发列表 "A list of recipients on an e-mail mailing list. "

Dithering 抖动 "A technique used in computer graphics to create the illusion of varying shades of gray on a monochrome display or printer, or additional colors on a color display or printer. "

Division by zero 被零除 "An error condition caused by an attempt to divide a number by zero, which is mathematically undefined."

DMA DMA "Direct Memory Access; Memory access that does not involve the microprocessor and is frequently used for data transfer directly between memory and an intelligent peripheral device, such as a disk drive."

DNS DNS "Domain Name Service; converting domain names (such as www.gnome.org) into IP addresses such as 209.116.70.70. If you want to use domain names, your computer must be configured to connect to one of DNS servers which would do this conversion."

Document 文档 "A collction of one or more lines of text that can be named and stored as a separate item or file which can be retrieved."

Domain 域 "In the Internet and other networks, a part of a naming hierarchy. The domain is the highest subdivision of a domain name in a network address, which identifies the type of entity owning the address (for example, .com for commercial users or the geographic"

Dot 点 "1. In the UNIX, MS-DOS, OS/2, and other operating systems, the character that separates a filename from an extension. 2. In computer graphics and printing, a small spot combined with others in a matrix of rows and columns to form a character or a graphic "

Download 下载 "In communications, to transfer a file or programming instructions from a remote computer to the requesting computer over a communications line. "

Drawing Area 绘制区 "In multimedia applications the area on the screen where drawing and editing functions are carried out"

Drop 放;结束 "To fix the position of an object that is being dragged by releasing the mouse button. To disconnect a communications line."

Druid 德鲁伊

dumb Terminal 哑终端 "A terminal that does not contain an internal microprocessor. "

Duplicate... 复制 "To copy."

Dynamic 动态的 "Occurring immediately and concurrently or at the time of execution. It describes some action or event that occurs when and as needed. "

E-mail 电子邮件 "Short for electronic mail. "

Echo 回应 "In communications, a signal transmitted back to the sender that is distinct from the original signal. Network connections can be tested by sending an echo back to the main computer."

Edge 边缘,边界 "1. In computer graphics, one or more vestors defining a portion of an object. 2. In image processing, a set of valus determined to be the dividing line between one image and another image or an image and the background."

Edit 编辑 "To make a change to an existing file or document. "

Effects 效果

Eject 弹出

Electronic Mail 电子邮件 "A way of exchanging messages between users of computers connected to a network (local or Internet)."

emulation 仿真 "The process of a computer, device, or program imitating the function of another computer, device, or program."

Enable 启用 "To activate."

Encapsulated Postscript 封装的Postscript "A PostScript file format that can be used as an independent entity. The EPS image must be incorporated into the PostScript output of an application such as a desktop publisher. "

Encoding 编码 "A correspondence between characters of some character set and character codes, i.e. internal computer presentation of the symbols. In order to be able to read a text file, you need to know its character set and encoding. In most encodings, each symbol is represented by one byte, which is equivalent to a number from 0 to 255; the characters corresponding to codes 0 to 127 coincide with the ASCII standard, while the characters with codes higher than 127 vary between encodin. The most common encoding is iso-8859-1; in addition to ASCII characters, it also contains accented letters covering most of Western European languages."

Engineering 工程

Entity 实体 "In computer-aided design and object-oriented design, an item that can be treated as a unit and as a member of a particular category or type. In object-oriented programming, an entity is oart if the definition of a class of objects."

environment variable 环境变量 "A global 'setting', or configuration parameter, which is available to all applications. Each environment variable has a name and a value (which usually is a string of symbols or an integer number). Any application you run can access any of the environmen To view all currenlty defined environment variables, use the command printenv (provided that you have GNU shell utils package installed). To modify a value of environment variable, use the command export NAME = VALUE; if you are using bash shell or seten"

Equation 方程 "A mathematical statement that indicates equality with the use of an equal sign (=) between two expressions. In programming languages, assignment statements are written in equation form. "

Error 错误 "A value or condition that is not consistent with the true, specified, or expected value or condition. "

Ethernet 以太网 "A protocol for network communication, developed in the 1980s and commonly used for Local Area Networks (LANs) and other network communication."

Event 事件 "An action or occurrence, often generated by the user, to which a program might respond."

Exception 异常 "In programming, a problem or change in conditions that causes the microprocessor to stop what it is doing and handle the situation in a separate routine. "

Exclusive OR 异或 "A logical operator that yields 'true' if and only if one of its operands is true and the other is false. "

executable file 可执行文件 "A program/file that can be run or processed or executed by the computer without any further translation. The term usually applies to a compiled program translated into machine code in a format that can be loaded into memory and run by a computer's proces"

Execute 执行 "To run file as program. To perform an instruction. In programming, execution implies loading the machine code of the program into memory and then performing the instructions."

Exit 退出 "In a program, to move from the called routine back to the calling routine. "

Expanded memory 扩充内存 "A type of memory, up to 8 MB, that can be added to IBM PCs. Its use is defined by the Expanded Memory Specification (EMS). Expanded memory is not needed in Windows 9x, all versions of Windows NT, and Windows 2000. "

expected location 预期位置

Explicit state 显式状态 "Synonymous of Absolute state."

Exponential notation 幂计数法 "A numeric format that can be used to represent very large real numbers and very small real numbers. Synonymous of Floating-point representation."

Export 导出,输出 "To move information from one system or program to another. Files that consist only of text can be exported in ASCII (plain text format). "

expression 表达式 "A language construct for computing a value from one or moe operands."

Extension 扩展 "1. A set of characters added to a filename that serves to extend or clarify its meaning or to identify a file as a member of a category. 2. A program or program module that adds functionality to or extends the effectiveness of a program. "

Extract 提取,抽取 "To select and remove from a set of items those items that meet some criteria. "

Favorite 收藏夹 "In Microsoft Internet Explorer, a user-defined shortcut to a page on the World Wide Web, analogous to a bookmark in Netscape Navigator. "

Fax 传真 "Short for facsimile. The transmission of text or graphics over telephone lines in digitized form. "

Field 字段,区域 "1. A location in a record in which a particular type of data is stored. 2. A space in an on-screen form where the user can enter a specific item of information."

File 文件 "Any piece of information (text, graphics, executable) put together and given a name. All the information you have on the hard drive is arranged as a collection of files."

Filename 文件名 "The set of letters, numbers, and allowable symbols assigned to a file to distinguish it from all other files in a particular directory on a disk. "

Filesystem 文件系统 "A collection of all the files and directories on a system arranged in a tree-like hierarchy."

Fill 填充 "In computer graphics, the colored or patterned 'paint' inside an enclosed figure, such as a circle. "

Filter 过滤器,滤波器 "In communications and electronics, hardware or software that selectively passes certain elements of a signal and eliminates or minimizes others. "

Find 查找,搜索 "Synonymous with Search. 1. To look for the location of a file. 2. To seek specific data within a file or data structure. "

Firmware 固件 "Software routines stored in read-only memory (ROM). "

Fixed Font 等宽字体 "Synonymous with Monospace Font. A font (set of characters in a particular style and size), similar to that used on a typewriter, in which each character occupies the same amount of horizontal space regardless of its width"

Float 浮点数 "The data type name used in some programming languages, notably C, to declare variables that can store floating-point numbers. "

Floppy 软盘 "A round piece of flexible plastic film coated with ferric oxide particles that can hold a magnetic field. When placed inside a disk drive, the floppy disk rotates to bring different areas, or sectors, of the disk surface under the drive's read/write head,"

Flow analysis 流分析 "A method of tracing the movement of different types of information through a computer system, especially with regard to security and the controls applied to ensure the integrity of the information. "

Flowchart 流程图 "A graphic map of the path of control or data through the operations in a program or an information-handling system. "

Folder 文件夹 "A container for programs and files in graphical user interfaces, symbolized on the screen by a graphical image (icon) of a file folder. This container is called a directory in other systems. "

Font 字体 "A set of characters of the same typeface (such as Garamond), style (such as italic), and weight (such as bold). "

Forecast 预报

Foreground 前景 "To run a program so that its output is visible to the user, or to bring a previously 'backgrounded' program to the foreground. Programs running in the foreground can display output and receive input from the user."

fork 分支 " A system call to create a new process. The new process is called a child process. The original process is called a parent process. "

Form 表格 "A structured document with spaces reserved for entering information and often containing special coding as well. In some applications (especially databases), a structured window, box, or other self-contained presentation element with predefined areas for "

Format 格式 "The structure or appearance of a unit of data. The arrangement of data within a document file that typically permits the document to be read or written by a certain application. "

Formula 公式 "A mathematical statement that describes the actions to be performed on numeric values. A formula sets up a calculation without regard to the actual values."

Fourier Analysis 傅立叶分析 "A mathematical method, developed by the French mathematician Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier (1768-1830), for signal processing and signal generation tasks such as spectral analysis and image processing. It describes the strategy by which a periodic curve (a"

Fraction 分数 "A division indicated by the division sign or by a stroke bar. The dividend and the divisor are called the numerator and denominator respectively."

Frame 帧 "1. In asynchronous serial communications, a unit of transmission that is sometimes measured in elapsed time and begins with the start bit that precedes a character and ends with the last stop bit that follows the character. 2. In synchronous communication"

Free Software 自由软件 "As defined by Free Software Foundation, free software is software that comes with permission for anyone to use, copy, and distribute, either verbatim or with modifications, either gratis or for a fee. In particular, this means that the source code must be This is very close, but not identical, to the notion of Open Source software. Detailed discussion of this and related topics can be found on <ulink type='http' url='http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html'>Free Software Foundation's Web page</ulink>."

Frequency 频率 "The measure of how often a periodic event occurs, such as a signal going through a complete cycle. Frequency is usually measured in hertz (Hz)."

FTP FTP "A protocol for exchanging files over the Internet or local network. There is a number of utilities based on this protocol, such as gFTP; you can also use command ftp on the command line. In addition, most file managers and Web browsers have built-in FTP c"

full pathname 全路径 "In a hierarchical filing system, a pathname containing all the possible components of a pathname, including the network share or drive and root directory, as well as any subdirectories and the file or object name. "

Function 函数 "1. The purpose of, or the action carried out by, a program or routine. 2. A general term for a subroutine. "

Gamma 伽马;亮度 "A unit for magnetic field intensity particularly used in magnetic surveys. The numerical value of the power to which a video signal voltage is raised to obtain linear light."

Geometry 几何学 "The branch of mathematics that deals with the construction, properties, and relationships of points, lines, angles, curves, and shapes. A adjective applied to graphics operations at the level of vertices, adges and polygons, such as transformation and clipping, as opposed to rendering"

get 获取 "An FTP command that instructs the server to transfer a specified file to the client. "

Global 全局的 "Pertaining to an entire document, file, or program rather than to a restricted segment of it. "

GNOME GNOME "A freedesktop environment for UNIX and UNIX-like operating systems; one of the two leading desktop environments for Linux (the other one is KDE). For more information, please visit <ulink type='http' url='http:///www.gnome.org/'>GNOME Web site</ulink>. Officially, GNOME stands for GNU Network Object Model Environment. The only part of this name that really matters is GNU, which is there to indicate that GNOME is a part of the larger GNU project."

GNU GNU "GNU's Not UNIX; a project to develop a complete UNIX-like operating system which is free software. Combination of tools and utilities produced by GNU project with Linux kernel is widely known under the name 'Linux operating system'; more accurately, such For more information about GNU project, visit its <ulink type='http' url='http://www.gnu.org/'>Web page</ulink>."

GPL GPL "A software license developed by the Free Software Foundation. In short, it allows anyone to use, copy, distribute, or sell the software, in original or modified form, as long as you distribute the program's source code along with the binaries, and you dis GPL plays an extremely important role in the free software movement; almost all of GNU project software, as well as <link linkend='linux'>Linux</link> kernel, is distributed under GPL. For a detailed discussion of history, ideas and philosophy related to"

Grab 抓取 "To capture graphical image data from a video camera or another full-motion video source and put it into memory. "

Gradient 梯度 "The rate of change of a quantity with distance."

Graph 图表 "Synonymous with Chart. A graphic or diagram that displays data or the relationships between sets of data in pictorial rather than numeric form."

Graphical user interface 图形用户界面 "A visual computer environment that represents programs, files, and options with graphical images, such as icons, menus, and dialog boxes on the screen. "

Grid 网格;表格 "Two sets of lines or linear elements at right angles to each other. A spreadsheet is a grid of rows and columns."

Group 组合,组 "A collection of elements that can be treated as a whole, such as a collection of records in a database report, or a collection of objects that can be moved and transformed as a single object in a drawing program. Also a collection of users who are referre"

Gtk Gtk "A collection of tools for creating screen widgets such as scrollbars, menus, checkbuttons, etc. in applications. GTK is used by all GNOME applications."

GUI GUI "Acronym for Graphical User Interface."

Gutter 装订线 "The blank space or inner margin between two facing pages of a bound document."

Hacker 黑客 "A person, more commonly considered a cracker, who uses computer expertise for illicit ends, such as by gaining access to computer systems without permission and tampering with programs and data. "

Handle 句柄 "Any token or pointer that a program can use to identify and access an object such as a device, a file, a window, a dialog box or any resource."

Handshake 握手 "A series of signals acknowledging that communication or the transfer of information can take place between computers or other devices. "

Hard Disk 硬盘 "A device containing one or more inflexible platters coated with material in which data can be recorded magnetically, together with their read/write heads, the head-positioning mechanism, and the spindle motor in a sealed case that protects against outside"

Headword 标题,中心词

Hello World Hello World

Help 帮助 "An item on a menu bar in a graphical user interface that enables the user to access the help feature of the present application. "

Hex 十六进制 "Using 16 rather than 10 as the base for representing numbers. The hexadecimal system uses the digits 0 through 9 and the letters A through F (uppercase or lowercase) to represent the decimal numbers 0 through 15. "

Hidden file 隐藏文件 "A file that, in order to protect it from deletion or modification, is not shown in the normal listing of the files contained in a directory. Such a file is often used to store code or data critical to the system configuration."

Hide 隐藏 "To temporarily remove the onscreen display of an application's active window while leaving the application running. "

hierachy 层次结构 "A type of organization that, like a tree, branches into more specific units, each of which is 'owned' by the higher-level unit immediately above. "

        Highlight...
        加亮,突出
        "A visual indication that an object is in a special state, as by displaying it in reverse video (light on dark rather than dark on light, and vice versa) or with greater intensity. "
      

Histogram 柱状图 "A chart consisting of horizontal or vertical bars, the widths or heights of which represent the values of certain data."

History 历史 "A list of the user's actions within a program, such as commands entered in an operating system shell, menus passed through using Gopher, or links followed using a Web browser."

Home 起始 "A beginning position, such as the top left corner of a character-based display, the left end of a line of text, cell A1 of a spreadsheet, or the top of a document."

Home directory 起始目录,主目录 "A directory assigned to the user by the system administrator. The home directory is the current directory when the user first logs in, and the user can return to it by entering the command cd (change directory) without a pathname. "

Home Page 主页 "1. A document intended to serve as a starting point in a hypertext system, especially the World Wide Web. 2. An entry page for a set of Web pages and other files in a Web site. "

Homogeneous environment 单一环境 "A computing milieu, usually within an organization, in which only one manufacturer's hardware and one manufacturer's software are used. "

Host 主机 "1. The main computer in a mainframe or minicomputer environment, that is, the computer to which terminals are connected. 2. In PC-based networks, a computer that provides access to other computers. 3. On the Internet or other large networks, a server comp"

Host name 主机名 "The name of a specific server on a specific network within the Internet."

Hot Key 热键 "Hot-keys are keyboard combinations used to do actions on a computer instead of using the mouse to do the same action. Hot-keys can speed up computer usage. Also known under the name <quote>keyboard shortcut</quote> or <quote>keyboard accelerator</quote>."

Housekeeping 内务处理 "Any of various routines, such as updating the clock or performing garbage collection, designed to keep the system, the environment within which a program runs, or the data structures within a program in good working order."

HTML HTML "Acronym for Hypertext Markup Language. The markup language used for documents on the World Wide Web. HTML is an application of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) that uses tags to mark elements, such as text and graphics, in a document to indicat"

HTTP HTTP "Hypertext Transfer Protocol; the protocol by which web pages and other web-accessible resources are delivered. Whenever you are browsing the Web, your browser uses HTTP to communicate with the Web server and request a Web page. HTTP is defined in <ulink type='http' url='http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1945.txt'>RFC 1945</ulink> (HTTP 1.0) and <ulink type='http' url='http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2068.txt'>RFC 2068</ulink> (HTTP 1.1)."

Hue 色调 "In the HSB color model, one of the three characteristics used to describe a color. Hue is the attribute that most readily distinguishes one color from other colors. It depends on the frequency of a light wave in the visible spectrum. "

I/O subsystem I/O 子系统 "A piece of hardware that can be used both for providing data to a computer and for receiving data from it, depending on the current situation. "

Icon 图标 "A small picture used within a graphical user interface to indicate a program, file, or other part of a computer system."

ID ID "Synonymous with Identifier. "

IDE IDE "Intergrated Drive Electronics; an interface for connecting hard drives and other similar devices to your computer. IDE is an old interface; nowadays, most drives use an enhanced version of IDE, EIDE."

Identifier 标识符 "Any text string used as a label, such as the name of a procedure or a variable in a program or the name attached to a hard disk or floppy disk. "

Idle 空闲;空转 "1. Operational but not in use. 2. Waiting for a command."

Illegal 非法 "Not allowed, or leading to invalid results. For example, an illegal character in a word processing program would be one that the program cannot recognize; an illegal operation might be impossible for a program or system because of built-in constraints. "

Image 图像 "A stored description of a graphic picture, either as a set of brightness and color values of pixels or as a set of instructions for reproducing the picture. "

Implementation 实现 "The process of getting an application into operation."

Import 导入 "To bring information from one system or program into another. "

Inactive window 非活动窗口 "In an environment capable of displaying multiple on-screen windows, any window other than the one currently being used for work. "

Increase 增加,提高

Incremental update 渐进更新 "An update of those files only that have changed since a specific date."

Indent 缩进 "Displacement of the left or right edge of a block of text in relation to the margin or to other blocks of text. "

Index 索引 "A listing of keywords and associated data that point to the location of more comprehensive information, such as files and records on a disk or in a database."

Indicator 指示器(灯) "A dial or light that displays information about the status of a device, such as a light connected to a disk drive that glows when the disk is being accessed."

Information 信息 "The meaning of data as it is intended to be interpreted by people. Data consists of facts, which become information when they are seen in context and convey meaning to people. "

initialization 初始化 "The process of assigning initial values to variables and data structures in a program to prepare them for operation."

Inode 索引节点

Input 输入 "Information entered into a computer or program for processing, as from a keyboard or from a file stored on a disk drive."

Input/output 输入输出 "The complementary tasks of gathering data for a computer or a program to work with, and of making the results of the computer's activities available to the user or to other computer processes. "

insensitive version 不敏感版本

Insertion point 插入点 "A blinking vertical bar on the screen, such as in graphical user interfaces, that marks the location at which inserted text will appear. "

Install 安装 "To set in place and prepare for operation. Operating systems and application programs commonly include a disk-based installation, or setup, program that does most of the work of preparing the program to work with the computer, printer, and other devices. "

instruction pointer 指令指针 "A register (small, high-speed memory circuit within a microprocessor) that contains the address (location) of the instruction to be executed next in the program sequence."

Interaction 交互 "The conversational exchange of input and output, as when a user enters a question or command and the system immediately responds. "

Intercept 截取,窃听

Interchange File Format 交换文件格式 "Synonymous with Rich Text Format. An adaptation of DCA (Document Content Architecture) that is used for transferring formatted text documents between applications, even those applications running on different platforms, "

Interface 接口;界面 "1. The point at which a connection is made between two elements so that they can work with each other or exchange information. 2. Software that enables a program to work with the user (the user interface, which can be a command-line interface, menu-driven"

Internal bug 内部缺陷,内部错误

Internal error 内部错误 "An error pertaining to the main program code"

International 国际的

Internet 互联网 "Internet is the network of millions of computers all around the world, connected to each other by some hardware means (cables, wires, phone lines, communication satellites) and communicating with each other using some standard protocols. Internet makes it"

Interrupt 中断 "A signal sent from an I/O device to the processor rwhen an error has occurred or when assistance is needed to complete the I/O. When the processor receives an interrupt, it suspends its current operations, saves the status of its work, and transfers contr"

Intersect 交集 "An operator in relational algebra, used in database management. Given two relations (tables), A and B, that have corresponding fields (columns) containing the same types of values, then INTERSECT A, B builds a third relation containing only those tuples ("

Interval 间隔

Intuitive 直觉的,直观的

Invalid 无效的 "Erroneous or unrecognizable because of a flaw in reasoning or an error in input. "

Invert 转换 "To reverse something or change it to its opposite. For example, to invert the colors on a monochrome display means to change light to dark and dark to light. "

Invert Selection 反白选择 "The reversal of light and dark in the display of selected characters on a video screen. "

Invisible 不可见的

IP Address IP 地址 "A unique address assigned to each computer connected to the <link linkend='internet'>Internet</link> or a local network. Has the form <systemitem>a.b.c.d</systemitem>, where a,b,c,d are numbers from 0 to 255, subject to a number of rules and convention. All communication between computers on the Internet is based on IP addresses; however, on a properly set up network you can instead use domain names (such as www.gnome.org), which are automatically transformed to IP addresses using <link linkend='dns'>Dom"

IRC IRC "Acronym for Internet Relay Chat. A service that enables an Internet user to participate in a conversation on line in real time with other users. An IRC channel, maintained by an IRC server, transmits the text typed by each user who has joined the channel "

Jaz Drive Jaz 驱动器 "A replaceable disk drive developed by Iomega fpr storing large quantities of data (500MB)."

Job 任务 "A specified amount of processing performed as a unit by a computer. "

JPEG JPEG "Acronym for Joint Photographic Experts Group. An ISO/ITU standard for storing images in compressed form using a discrete cosine transform. "

Justify 调整 "1. To align vertically. 2. To align lines of text evenly along both the left and right margins of a column by inserting extra space between the words in each line. "

KDE KDE "A desktop environment for UNIX and UNIX-like operating systems; one of two leading desktop environments for Linux (the other one is <link linkend='gnome'>GNOME</link>). For more infrmation visit <ulink type='http' url='http://www.kde.org'>KDE Web site</ul"

Kernel 内核 "The core component of an operating system, responsible for basic operations such as accessing the files, input/output, managing the processor and memory resources, etc. All other tools, utilities, and applications use the kernel."

Key 键 "On a keyboard, the combination of a plastic keycap, a tension mechanism that suspends the keycap but allows it to be pressed down, and an electronic mechanism that records the key press and key release. "

Keyboard 键盘 "A hardware unit with a set of switches that resembles a typewriter keyboard and that conveys information from a user to a computer or data communications circuit. "

Keymap control 键盘映射控制

Keyword 关键字 "1. A characteristic word, phrase, or code that is stored in a key field and is used to conduct sorting or searching operations on records in a database. 2. Any of the set of words that composes a given programming language or set of operating-system routi"

Kill 杀死 "To stop or abort a process in a program or operating system. "

Kill app 畅销应用程序 "An application of such popularity and widespread standardization that it fuels sales of the hardware platform or operating system for which it was written. "

Kilobyte 千字节 "A data unit of 1,024 bytes Abbreviated K, KB, or Kbyte. "

Label 标签 "An identifier. A label can be a physical item, such as a stick-on tag used to identify disks and other computer equipment, or an electronic label added to floppy disks or hard disks. It can also be a word, symbol, or other group of characters used to iden"

Lambda Lambda

Landscape 横向 "A horizontal print orientation in which text or images are printed 'sideways'-s greater than the height. "

Language 语言 "Any artificial language that can be used to define a sequence of instructions that can ultimately be processed and executed by the computer. "

LaTeX LaTeX "A document preparation system based on TeX, developed by Leslie Lamport. By using simple, intuitive commands for text elements such as headers, LaTeX lets the user focus more on document content than document appearance. "

launch icon 启动图标 "A symbol by which a program or application can be started."

Launcher 启动程序 "A program that organizes frequently used applications and programs and that allows the user to execute them with a single mouse click."

Layer 层 "1. The protocol or protocols operating at a particular level within a protocol suite, such as IP within the TCP/IP suite. Each layer is responsible for providing specific services or functions for computers exchanging information over a communications net"

Layout 布局 "The overall plan or design of a document system. "

Legal 合法的；有效的 "A paper format."

Length 长度 "The number of linear units of storage space occupied by an object, such as a file on disk or a data structure in a program."

Letter 字母 "A paper format"

Library 函数库 "In programming, a collection of routines stored in a file. "

License agreement 授权协议 "A legal contract between a software provider and a user specifying the rights of the user regarding the software. "

Light precipitation 少量沉淀

Limits 限制

Line 线 "1. Any wire or wires, such as power lines and telephone lines, used to transmit electrical power or signals. 2. In communications, a connection, usually a physical wire or other cable, between sending and receiving (or calling and called) devices, includi"

line arguments 线参数

linear transfer 线性变换

Link 连接,链接 "To connect two elements in a data structure by using index variables or pointer variables. A connection between an element in a hypertext document, such as a word, phrase, symbol, or image, and a different element in the document, another document, a file, or a script."

Linux Linux "A free (as in GNU GPL) UNIX-like operating system, written in collaboration by hundreds of developers all around the world, most of them volunteers. One of the most successful and famous <link linkend='freesoftware'>free software</link> projects. Strictly speaking, the name 'Linux' only applies to the kernel of the operating system. Most of other tools and utilities necessary for system functioning came from GNU project, so the operating system should be properly called 'GNU/Linux'; however, for c. There is a tremendous amount of information about Linux available on the Internet; good starting points are <ulink type='http' url='http://www.linux.com'>www.linux.com</ulink>, <ulink type='http' url='http://www.linux.org'>www.linux.org</ulink>."

load 载入 "To place information from storage into memory for processing, if it is data, or for execution, if it is program code."

Local 本地 "1. In communications, a device that can be accessed directly rather than by means of a communications line. 2. In information processing, an operation performed by the computer at hand rather than by a remote computer. "

Location 位置 "A number specifying a location or address in memory where data is stored. "

Lock 锁 "1. A software security feature that requires a key or dongle in order for the application to run correctly. 2. A mechanical device on some removable storage medium (for example, the write-protect notch on a floppy disk) that prevents the contents from bei"

Log 日志,记录 "A record of transactions or activities that take place on a computer system. "

Logical 逻辑的 "Based on true and false alternatives as opposed to arithmetic calculation of numeric values. "

Logout 注销 "The process of terminating a session with a computer accessed through a communications line. "

Look 查看

Lookup 查找 "A function, often built into spreadsheet programs, in which a previously constructed table of values called a lookup table is searched for a desired item of information. "

Loop 循环 "A set of statements in a program executed repeatedly, either a fixed number of times or until some condition is true or false. "

Macro 宏 "1. In applications, a set of keystrokes and instructions recorded and saved under a short key code or macro name. 2. In programming languages, a compound instruction put together from simpler instructions. "

Mail 邮件 "A computer system facility that enables sending and holding messages via the computer."

Mail Client 邮件客户 "An application which a user reads and sends their e-mail with. Also called Mail User Agent (MUA)."

Mail server 邮件服务器

Mail to 邮寄至 "A protocol designator used in the HREF of a hyperlink that enables a user to send e-mail to someone. "

Mailbox 邮箱 "A disk storage area assigned to a network user for receipt of electronic messages. "

Main body 主体 "The set of statements in a computer program at which execution of the program begins and that invokes the subroutines of the program."

Man Pages 手册页 "Online documentation for UNIX commands and programs and the UNIX library routines available for use in C programs. These documents, also found in the UNIX Programmer's Manual, can be displayed on a user's terminal or printed using the command man."

Manager 管理器(程序) "Any program that is designed to perform a certain set of housekeeping tasks related to computer operation, such as the maintenance of files. "

Manual 手册

Manual page 手册页 "see 'Man Pages'."

Margins 页边距 "In printing, those portions of a page-top, bottom, and sides-outside the main body of text."

Mark 标记 "1. In applications and data storage, a symbol or other device used to distinguish one item from others like it. 2. In digital transmission, the state of a communications line (positive or negative) corresponding to a binary 1. "

matching 匹配 "The process of testing whether two data items are identical or of finding a data item that is identical to a key. "

MDI MDI "Acronym for multiple-document interface. A user interface in an application that allows the user to have more than one document open at the same time. "

media type 媒质类型 "The physical material, such as paper, disk, and tape, used for storing computer-based information. "

Median 中值 "The value in a series of observed values that has exactly as many observed values above it as there are below."

Meeting 会议,会合

Memory 存储器,内存 "A device where information can be stored and retrieved. In the most general sense, memory can refer to external storage such as disk drives or tape drives; in common usage, it refers only to a computer's main memory."

Merge 合并 "To combine two or more items, such as lists, in an ordered way and without changing the basic structure of either. "

Message 信息,消息 "Information generated by an application that informs the user about the status of a process."

Metadata 元数据 "Data about data. For example, the title, subject, author, and size of a file constitute metadata about the file. "

Metafile 元文件 "A device-independent file for storing or display. "

Mime Type MIME 类型 "A 'type' of the file, describing what kind of data and in which format this file contains; for example, MIME type <filename>image/jpeg</filename> is used for graphic files in JPEG format. Used by many applications (such as file manager) to determine what The acronym MIME stands for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension, since originally it was used to describe types of files sent in e-mail."

mini icons 小图标

Minimize 最小化 "In a graphical user interface, to hide a window without shutting down the program responsible for the window. "

minix minix

minor faults 次要错误

mirror 镜像 "An image that is an exact duplicate of the original with the exception that one dimension is reversed. "

mixer device 混音设备 "In multimedia applications, a device used to simultaneously combine and blend several inputs into one or two outputs."

Mode 模式 "The operational state of a computer or a program. "

Model 模型 "A mathematical or graphical representation of a real-world situation or object. Models can generally be changed or manipulated so that their creators can see how the real version might be affected by modifications or varying conditions. "

Modem 调制解调器 "Short for modulator/demodulator. A communications device that enables a computer to transmit information over a standard telephone line. "

Modifier 修饰符 "A key on the keyboard that, when held down while another key is pressed, changes the meaning of the keystroke. "

Modify 修改

Module 模块 "1. In programming, a collection of routines and data structures that performs a particular task or implements a particular abstract data type. 2. In hardware, a self-contained component that can provide a complete function to a system and can be interchan"

Monitor 监视器 "The device on which images generated by the computer's video adapter are displayed. "

monochrome 单色的 "A monitor that displays images in only one color: black on white "

Mount 安装 "A command instructing the operating system to incorporate contents of a <link linkend='device'>device</link> (such as a hard drive or a CD-ROM) into the system's link <link linkend='filesystem'>file system</link>. Requires the device name (e.g. <filename>"

Mouse Cursor 鼠标光标 "An small icon (usually an arrow) used to indicate the position of the mouse on the <link linkend='desktop'>desktop</link>."

Move 移动 "A command or instruction to transfer information from one location to another. "

MS MS "Acronym for Microsoft"

MSDOS MSDOS "Short for Microsoft Disk Operating System. A single-tasking, single-user operating system with a command-line interface, released in 1981, for IBM PCs and compatibles. "

MTU MTU "Acronym for Maximum Transmission Unit, the largest unit of data that can be transmitted on a given physical medium. MTU size varies, depending on the network."

Nautilus Nautilus "Nautilus is the next generation file manager for GNOME being written by Eazel."

Negative Binomial 负二项式 "See: Binomial distribution"

Netmask 网络掩码

Netscape Netscape

Network 网络 "A group of computers and associated devices that are connected by communications facilities. "

News Site 新闻站点

NO-DAEMON NO-DAEMON

node 节点 "An addressable point on a network. A device, such as a client computer, a server, or a shared printer, that is connected to the network and is capable of communicating with other network devices. "

Normal distribution 正态分布 "In statistics, a type of function that describes the probabilities of the possible values of a random variable. "

Notebook 笔记本 "Any computer designed to be moved easily. Notebooks or portable computers can be characterized by size and weight."

Notice 提醒 "A window displayed when an application generates a warning or error message that requires action before the user can proceed."

Notification 通告

Number 数字

Number Converter 数字转换器

Number Theory 数论

Numbered List 编号列表

Numeric 数字的 "Pertaining to the digits 0 to 9."

Object code 目标代码 "Output from a compiler or an assembler, that was translated from the source code of a program and is itself executable machine code or is suitable for processing to produce excutable machine code. "

oblique 间接 "Describing a style of text created by slanting a roman font to simulate italics."

Observations 观察,观测

Obsolete 绝对 "No longer required or outdated."

Offline 离线 "In reference to a computing device or a program, unable to communicate with or be controlled by a computer. In reference to one or more computers, being disconnected from a network. "

Online 在线 "In reference to a computing device or a program, activated and ready for operation; connected to or being controlled by a system. "

Opacity 不透明 "Reciprocal of transmission ratio."

Open 打开 "Being accessible"

Open Source 开源 "Refers to software for which both the executable files and the source code can be freely redistributed and re-used in other products. This term was introduced by <ulink type='http' url='http://www.opensource.org/'>Open Source Intiative</ulink>; it is very"

Operating System 操作系统 "The software that controls the allocation and usage of hardware resources such as memory, central processing unit (CPU) time, disk space, and peripheral devices. "

Operation 操作 "1. A specific action carried out by a computer in the process of executing a program. 2. In mathematics, an action performed on a set of entities that produces a new entity. "

optional 可选项 "Accepted but not required by a command or system."

Options 选项 "A menu choice in many graphical user interface applications that allows the user to specify how the application will act each time it is used. "

OR 或 "A logical operation for combining two bits (0 or 1) or two Boolean values (false or true). If one or both values are 1 (true), it returns the value 1 (true). "

Order 排序 "1. In computing, the relative significance of a digit or byte. High-order refers to the most significant (usually leftmost) digit or byte; low-order refers to the least significant (usually rightmost) digit or byte. 2. The sequence in which arithmetic ope"

Orientation 导向 "The way text or images are printed, i.e. either lengways or sideways."

Origin 原点 "The location of the Cartesian coordinates from which the axes that define 2-D and 3-D-space originate. This is the location (0,0)."

Orthflow 正流式

Outline 大纲

Output 输出 "The results of processing, whether sent to the screen or printer, stored on disk as a file, or sent to another computer in a network."

Overwrite 覆盖 "A text-entry mode in which newly typed characters replace existing characters under or to the left of the cursor insertion point. "

Owner 属主 "The person who created a file or directory. "

Pack 包 "To store information in a more compact form. "

Package 包 "A computer application consisting of one or more programs created to perform a particular type of work or grouped for modular installation."

Packet 包 "1. A unit of information transmitted as a whole from one device to another on a network. 2. In packet-switching networks, a transmission unit of fixed maximum size."

Padding 填充 "In data storage, the addition of one or more bits, usually zeros, to a block of data in order to fill it, to force the actual data bits into a certain position, or to prevent the data from duplicating a bit pattern that has an established meaning, such as"

Page 页 "1. In word processing, the text and display elements to be printed on one side of a sheet of paper. 2. A fixed-size block of memory (8192 contiguous byte locations). 2. A Web-page."

Palette 调色板 "In paint programs, a collection of drawing tools, such as patterns, colors, brush shapes, and different line widths."

Panel 面板 "A control area."

Panelize 面板化

Parameter 参数 "In programming, a value that is given to a variable before an expression is evaluated by a program. A parameter can be text, a number, or an argument name assigned to a value that is passed from one routine to another. "

Parcel 包裹

Parse 分析 "To break input into smaller chunks so that a program can act upon the information."

Partition 分区 "Hard disks and other similar devices can be 'divided' into parts which, for all practical purposes, can be used as separate disks; these parts are called partitions. For example, you can create partitions of differrent types (e.g., FAT32 used by Windows a"

Password 密码 "A string of typable characters (letters, numbers, punctuation marks, etc.) used to authenticate a user's identity. Required for <link linkend='login'>logging in</link>."

Paste 粘贴 "To insert text or a graphic that has been cut or copied from one document into a different location in the same or a different document. "

Path 路径 "1. In communications, a link between two nodes in a network. 2. A route through a structured collection of information. 3. In file storage, the route followed by the operating system through the directories to a file. "

Pattern 模式 "Objects with meaningful regularities."

Peak indicator 峰值指示器

Pearson Correlation 皮尔森相关系数 "Statistical concept to describe the correlation coefficient between two variants."

pending signals 等待信号

Period 期间 "The length of time required for an oscillation to complete one full cycle. "

Periodic 周期性

Perl Perl "Acronym for Practical Extraction and Report Language. An interpreted language, based on C and several UNIX utilities. "

Perl Script Perl脚本 "A program in Perl is known as a script. "

Permission 权限 "In a networked or multiuser computer environment, the ability of a particular user to access a particular resource by means of his or her user account. Permissions are granted by the system administrator."

physical memory 物理内存 "Memory actually present in the system, as opposed to virtual memory. "

picker button 定位按钮

Picker Settings 定位设置

PID PID "The ID number by which the system identifies individual processes. The first process to run on the system has PID 0."

Pilot device 导向设备

Pipe 管道 "1. Software connection between two programs. 2. The UNIX operator

Pixel 像素 "A single element, or <quote>dot</quote>, on the computer's screen. A pixel's colour is made up of a mixture of red, green and blue light. Screen resolution is measured in pixels."

Pixmap 像素映射 "A data structure that describes the pixel image of a graphic, including such features as color, image, resolution, dimensions, storage format, and number of bits used to describe each pixel. "

Place 位置,放置

Play 播放

Plug-in 插件 "A small software program that plugs into a larger application to provide added functionality. "

Point 点 "1. A unit of measure used in printing, equal to approximately 1/72 of an inch. Character height and the amount of space (leading) between lines of text are usually specified in points. 2. A single pixel on the screen, identified by its row and column numb"

Poisson distribution 泊松分布 "A mathematical curve often used in statistics and simulation to represent the likelihood of some event occurring when the average likelihood is known. "

Policy 策略

Polygon 多边形 "Any two-dimensional closed (planar) shape composed of connected line segments (vectors), such as a hexagon, an octagon, or a triangle. "

Polyline 多线 "An open shape consisting of multiple connected segments. Polylines are used in CAD and other graphics programs. "

Pooled Variance 合并方差

port 端口 "An interface through which data is transferred between a computer and other devices (such as a printer, mouse, keyboard or monitor), a network, or a direct connection to another computer. "

Portrait 纵向 "A vertical print orientation in which the page or screen image is taller than it is wide. "

Post Office 邮局,邮件服务器 "The server and associated storage and mail handling services that provide the centralized location for collection and distribution of e-mail over a network."

Post Processor 后处理器 "A device or a software routine, such as a linker, that operates on data manipulated first by another processor. "

Postal Box 邮政信箱 "Synonym for Mailbox"

postscript postscript "A language for desribing printed pages, developed by <ulink type='http' url='http://www.adobe.com'>Adobe Corporation</ulink>. Can be used to describe both graphics and text, black and white or color. Postscript is the de-facto standard for quality printin Postscript files can also be saved to disk; they usually have extension <filename>.ps</filename>. There is a number of utilities for viewing Postscript files, such as <application>gv</application> or <application>ggv</application>."

power management 电源管理

PPP PPP "A protocol allowing a computer to connect to a <link linkend='tcpip'>TCP/IP</link> network via a modem. A PPP connection allows an ordinary home computer connected to a telephone line to become a part of the <link linkend='internet'>Internet</link>"

Preferences 首选项 "A menu choice in many graphical user interface applications that allows the user to specify how the application will act each time it is used. "

Prefix 前缀

Preview 预览 "In word processors and other applications, the feature that formats a document for printing but displays it on the video monitor rather than sending it directly to the printer."

Primary Colors 主色 "For pigments these are red, yellow and blue."

Print 打印 "In computing, to send information to a printer. "

Print area 打印区域 "The area on the paper, excluding margins, where the printer can print data."

Printer 打印机 "A computer peripheral that puts text or a computer-generated image on paper or on another medium, such as a transparency film. "

Priority 优先级 "The relative ranking of items. Items with a higher priority have precedence in receiving the attention of the microprocessor and the use of system resources. "

Privacy 隐私 "The concept that a user's data, such as stored files and e-mail, is not to be examined by anyone else without that user's permission. "

Private key 私钥 "One of two keys in public key encryption. The user keeps the private key secret and uses it to encrypt digital signatures and to decrypt received messages. "

Private Messages 秘密消息 "Messages that have been encrypted to prevent them being read by anybody but the intended recipient."

Problem 问题

Process 进程 "A task run by the operating system. UNIX is a multitasking sytem, so at any given moment there are many processes running. Usually, each command or application you start is run as a new process; some applications may run several processes. In addition, th. Each process has a unique ID number (<acronym>PID</acronym>). You can view the list of all the processes running on your system using <application>GNOME System monitor (gtop)</application> or <application>Ktop</application>."

Process ID 进程ID "The unique identification numer of a programm or part of a program."

Processor 处理器

Prodigy Prodigy "Short for Prodigy Information Service. An online information service founded by IBM and Sears. "

Program 程序 "A sequence of instructions that can be executed by a computer. "

Progress 进度

Progress Bar 进度栏 "An indicator which shows the status of a process."

project 项目

Propagation 传播 "Travel of a signal, such as an Internet packet, from its source to one or more destinations. "

Properties 属性 "A characteristic or parameter of an object or device. Properties of a file, for example, include type, size, and creation date "

Proportional font 比例字体 "A set of characters in a particular style and size in which a variable amount of horizontal space is allotted to each letter or number. "

Protected 被保护的 "Safeguarded against accidental erasure or change or from unwanted inspection of others."

protected workbooks 被保护的工作簿

Protection 保护

Protocol 协议 "A set of rules or standards designed to enable computers to connect with one another and to exchange information with as little error as possible. "

Provision 预备,供给

Proxy 代理 "A computer (or the software that runs on it) that acts as a barrier between a network and the Internet by presenting only a single network address to external sites. "

proxy server 代理服务器 "A firewall component that manages Internet traffic to and from a local area network (LAN) and can provide other features, such as document caching and access control. "

Public 公共的

Public Key 公钥 "One of two keys in public key encryption. The user releases this key to the public, who can use it for encrypting messages to be sent to the user and for decrypting the user's digital signature. "

Query 查询 "A specific set of instructions for extracting particular data."

Queue 队列 "A line or list formed by items in a system waiting for service. "

Quit 退出 "1. An FTP command that instructs the server to drop the current connection with the client from which it received the command. 2. A command in many applications for exiting the program."

Quoting 引用

Radar map 雷达图

Radio 单选

Radio Button 单选按钮 "In graphical user interfaces, a means of selecting one of several options, usually within a dialog box. A radio button appears as a small circle that, when selected, has a smaller, filled circle inside it. "

Random 随机的 "Specifically, a reference to an arbitrary or unpredictable situation or event. "

Range 范围 "A block of cells selected for similar treatment in a spreadsheet. "

Rank 等级,分类

Rating 评级 "Specified limit to operating conditions, e.g. current rating."

Ratio 比例

Raw data 原始数据 "Unprocessed, typically unformatted, data, such as a stream of bits that has not been filtered for commands or special characters. "

Raw memory 原始内存

Readout 读出

ready... 就绪...

Real Memory 物理内存 "See Physical memory."

real path 真实路径

Real time 实时 "Relating to a time frame imposed by external constraints. Real-time operations are those in which the machine's activities match the human perception of time."

Reboot 重启动 "To restart a computer by reloading the operating system. "

Receptivity 接受力 "Synonymous with Sensitivity."

Receive 接收 "To accept data from an external communications system, such as a local area network (LAN) or a telephone line, and store the data as a file."

Record 记录 "1. A data structure that is a collection of fields (elements), each with its own name and type. 2. To retain or write information, usually in a file."

Rectangle 矩形 "A parallelogram whose angles are right angles."

Recurrence 循环

Recursion 递归 "The ability of a routine to call itself. Recursion enables certain algorithms to be implemented with small, simple routines."

Redisplay 重新显示

Redo 重复 "This reverses the effect of the last undo operation on an object."

Refresh 刷新 "1. To retrace a video screen at frequent intervals. 2. To recharge dynamic random access memory chips (DRAMs) so that they continue to retain the information stored in them. "

Region 区域,范围 "An area dedicated to or reserved for a particular purpose. "

Regression analysis 回归分析 "In statistics, an analysis of the degree to which variations in an independent variable affect a dependent variable (a variable whose value depends on the value of another variable)."

regular 常规的

Regular expression 正则表达式 "A pattern representaing a class of character strings."

Regulate 管制,控制 "To govern by a set of rules or to require the adherence to standards."

Relationship 关系

Release 发行,发行版本 "1. A particular version of a piece of software, most commonly associated with the most recent version. 2. A version of a product that is available in general distribution. "

Remote 远程 "Not in the immediate vicinity, as a computer or other device located in another place and accessible through some type of cable or communications link."

Remove 删除 "To delete permanently."

Rename 重命名 "A command in most file transfer protocol (FTP) clients and in many other systems that allows the user to assign a new name to a file or files."

Repeat 重复 "A command that causes all information to be repeated."

Replace 取代,替代,替换 "To put new data in the place of other data, usually after conducting a search for the data to be replaced. "

Reports 报告 "The presentation of information about a given topic, typically in printed form. Reports prepared with computers and appropriate software can include text, graphics, and charts."

reserved blocks 保留块

Reset 复位 "To restart a computer without turning off its power."

Resident 驻留 "Computer programs or data are resident as long as they remain on a certain storage device."

Resident memory 驻留内存

Residual 余量

Resize 改变大小 "To make an object or space larger or smaller. "

Resolution 分辨率 "A measurement indicating the height and width of the visible screen of a computer in pixels."

Resource element 资源元素 "The data structures, templates, definition procedures, management routines, icon maps, and so forth associated with a particular resource, such as a menu, window, or dialog box. "

Restart 重启动 "Synonym of Reboot."

Resume 继续,重新开始 "To take up a process exactly where it had benn interrupted or stopped."

Retrieve 取得,获取 "To obtain a specific requested item or set of data by locating it and returning it to a program or to the user. "

Retry 重试 "mc.pot"

Return 回车 "A key on a keyboard that is used to terminate input of a field or record or to execute the default action of a dialog box. "

Reverse video 反显 "The reversal of light and dark in the display of selected characters on a video screen. "

Revert 还原,恢复 "To return to the last saved version of a document. "

Root 超级用户,根 "The privileged user on a UNIX system; has full control over the system and all files on it, including those of other users. Is typically used by system administartor for system maintenance"

Root Directory 根目录 "The top level directory of a UNIX file system, containing all other files and directories. Root directory is denoted by a single slash (<filename>/</filename>)."

Root Window 根窗口 "The background of an X11 desktop, in which background images (<quote>wallpaper</quote>) or running programs may be displayed."

Rotate 旋转 "To turn a model or other graphical image so that it is viewed at a different angle."

Row 行 "A series of items arranged horizontally."

RPM package RPM 包 "A file containing in it in a packed form all the files comprising an application (executable files, documentation, configuration, etc.), plus some extra information about the application, such as a brief description and dependency information. The RPM for. RPM format was developed by <ulink type='http' url='http://www.redhat.com'>Red Hat, Inc</ulink>; the acronym RPM stands for RPM Package Manager."

Run 运行 "To execute a program."

Sample 样例,取样,采样

Sampling 取样,采样 "In statistics, gathering data from a representative subset of a larger group. 2. The conversion of analog signals to digital format. 3. The frequency with which samples of a physical variable, such as sound, are taken."

Saturation 饱和度 "In color graphics and printing, the amount of color in a specified hue. "

Save 保存 "To write data (typically a file) to a storage medium, such as a disk or tape."

SC/XSpread SC/XSpread

Scalable 可扩展的,可缩放的 "Of or relating to the characteristic of a piece of hardware or software or a network that makes it possible for it to expand-or shrink-to meet future needs and circumstances. "

Scalar 标量 "A factor, coefficient, or variable consisting of a single value (as opposed to a record, an array, or some other complex data structure). "

Scale 比例尺 "A horizontal or vertical line on a graph that shows minimum, maximum, and interval values for the data plotted."

Scaling Factor 缩放因子 "The amount by which a graphical image is enlarged or reduced."

Scan 扫描 "In optical technologies, to move a light-sensitive device across an image-bearing surface such as a page of text, converting the light and dark areas on the surface to binary digits that can be interpreted by a computer."

schedule manager 调度管理器 "An operating-system process that starts and ends tasks (programs), manages concurrently running processes, and allocates system resources. "

schema 模式,规划 "A description of a database to a database management system (DBMS) in the language provided by the DBMS. A "

Scientific notation 科学记数法 "A floating-point method of representing a number, especially a very large or very small one, in which numbers are expressed as products consisting of a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. "

Screen 屏幕 "The physical monitor device of a computer, consisting of a cathode ray tube, liquid crystal display, or similar means of displaying pixels; the visible picture displayed on the monitor."

Screen Saver 屏幕保护程序 "A program which blanks the screen or displays pretty or entertaining graphics after a period of inactivity on the console. Originally intended to prevent burn-in of images on older cathode-ray tubes, screensavers are now used primarily for entertainment "

Script 脚本 "A program written in an interpreted language, i.e. a language where the commands are executed one by one as you enter them (as opposed to compiled languages, in which the whole program must first be translated into machine codes (compiled) to create an ex"

Scroll 卷动 "To move a document or other data in a window in order to view a particular portion of the document. "

Scrollbars 滚动条 "In some graphical user interfaces, a vertical or horizontal bar at the side or bottom of a display area that can be used with a mouse for moving around in that area. "

SCSI SCSI "Small Computer System Interface; an interface for connecting various computer components, such as hard drives. Works faster than the more common IDE interface, but is more expensive, so it is used mostly on servers."

Search 查找 "The process of seeking a particular file or specific data. "

Search Domains 搜索域

search string 查找字符串 "The string of characters to be matched in a search-typically a text string."

Secondary Colors 辅色 "Colors produced by mixing primary colors."

Secure channel 安全通道 "A communications link that has been protected against unauthorized access, operation, or use by means of isolation from the public network, encryption, or other forms of control. "

Secure keyboard 安全键盘

Security 安全 "Protection of a computer system or network and its data from harm or loss. "

Segment 段,分段 "A section of a program that, when compiled, occupies a contiguous address space and that is usually position independent; that is, it can be loaded anywhere in memory. "

Segmentation Fault 段错误 "A program crash. More precisely, this is what happens when a program tries to access resources which do not belong to it; in such a case, for security reasons the operating system immediately kills the offending program. Segfaults are almost always caused"

Select 选择 "In general computer use, to specify a block of data or text on screen by highlighting it. In information processing, to choose from a number of options or alternatives."

Selection 选择区 "In applications, the highlighted portion of an on-screen document. "

Send 发送 "To transmit a message or file through a communications channel."

Sense 感觉,感知

Sensitive 敏感的 "Capable ot receiving stimuli."

Separator 分隔符 "A punctuation character used to delimit charater strings."

Server 服务器 "1. On a local area network (LAN), a computer running administrative software that controls access to the network and its resources and provides resources to computers functioning as workstations on the network. 2. On the Internet or other network, a compu"

Session 会话 "1. The time during which a program is running. In most interactive programs, a session is the time during which the program accepts input and processes information. 2. In communications, the time during which two computers maintain a connection. "

Set 设置 "1. To change the value of a bit to 1. 2. To establish a particular condition."

Settings 设置 "Controls for choosing predetermined values."

Setup 设置 "1. A computer along with all its devices. 2. The procedures involved in preparing a software program or application to operate within a computer."

Severity 严重性

shaped text 文字成形

Shared Memory 共享内存 "On a local area network, a directory on a disk that is located on a computer other than the one the user is operating and that can be accessed by all users on the network. "

Shell Shell "Any of a number of UNIX programs which interpret commands typed by the user before passing them to the operating system and provide other features such as command history, aliasing, and scripting. Examples include <command>bash</command> and <command>tcs"

Shift key Shift 键 "A keyboard key that, when pressed in combination with another key, gives that key an alternative meaning; for example, producing an uppercase character when a letter key is pressed. "

Show 显示

Shut Down 停机 "To close a program or operating system in a manner ensuring that no data is lost."

Signal 信号 "1. Any electrical quantity, such as voltage, current, or frequency, that can be used to transmit information. 2. A beep or tone from a computer's speaker or a prompt displayed on screen."

signature block 签名区 "A block of text that an e-mail client or a newsreader automatically places at the end of every message or article before the message or article is transmitted. "

signature 签名 "A sequence of data used for identification, such as text appended to an e-mail message or fax. "

Size box 大小框 "A control in the upper right corner of the frame of a window. When the user clicks on the size box, the window toggles between the size the user has set for it by dragging and the maximum size. "

Skewness 失真 "The difference between what is and what should be-for example, the misalignment of a page that prevents accurate reproduction, or the difference between input and output when circuits do not respond evenly to a propagated signal."

Skip 跳过

Slant 倾斜,斜体

Slashed Cross 缺口十字

slave 从 "Any device, including a computer, that is controlled by another computer, referred to as the master. "

Sleeping 休眠 "1. In a multiprocessing environment, a temporary state of suspension during which a process remains in memory so that some event, such as an interrupt or call from another process, can 'awaken' it. 2. In programming, a state of suspension caused by a loop"

slider 滑块 "A control used to set a value and give a visual indication of the setting"

SLIP SLIP "Acronym for Serial Line Internet Protocol. A data link protocol that allows transmission of TCP/IP data packets over dial-up telephone connections, thus enabling a computer or a LAN to be connected to the Internet or some other network. It is an older, le"

slow terminals 慢终端

Smart 智能 "A synonym for intelligent. "

Smart terminal 智能终端 "A terminal that contains a microprocessor and random access memory (RAM) and that does some rudimentary processing without intervention from the host computer. "

smooth 平滑 "1. To eliminate irregularities in statistical data by some process such as continuous averaging or by removing random (irrelevant) values. 2. In graphics, to remove jagged edges from a figure or line. "

SMTP SMTP "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol; a protocol used for exchanging electronic mail messages between machines on a network."

Snap 快照 "A copy of main memory or video memory at a given instant, sent to the printer or hard disk. "

Snooze 打盹

Socket 套接字 "A software endpoint for network communication."

SOCKS Server SOCKS 服务器

soft keys 软键 "A user-created display object that can be assigned an accelerator key combination and is linked to an operation or process."

software bug 软件缺陷

Software Foundation 软件基金

Solid model 实型体 "A geometric shape or construction that has continuity in length, width, and depth and is treated by a program as if it had both surface and internal substance. "

Solid lines 实线

Sort 排序 "To organize data, typically a set of records, in a particular order. "

sound card 声卡 "A type of expansion board on PC-compatible computers that allows the playback and recording of sound, such as from a WAV or MIDI file or a music CD-ROM. Most "

Source 源 "In information processing, a disk, file, document, or other collection of information from which data is taken or moved. "

Source code 源代码 "Human-readable program statements written by a programmer or developer in a high-level or assembly language that are not directly readable by a computer. Source code needs to be compiled into object code before it can be executed by a computer."

Space character 空格字符 "A character that is entered by pressing the Spacebar on the keyboard and that typically appears on the screen as a blank space."

Spam 垃圾邮件 "Useless e-mail. Spam normally comes in forms of chain-letters and advertisements for websites or services."

Special character 特殊字符 "Any character that is not alphabetic, numeric, or the space character (for example, a punctuation character). "

Spell 拼写

Spell Checker 拼写检查器 "An application that employs a disk-based dictionary to check for misspellings in a document. "

spool 缓冲池 "To store a data document in a queue, where it awaits its turn to be printed. "

Stabilize 稳定

Stack 堆栈 "A region of reserved memory in which programs store status data such as procedure and function call addresses, passed parameters, and sometimes local variables. "

Standard 标准 "1. A de jure technical guideline advocated by a recognized noncommercial or government organization that is used to establish uniformity in an area of hardware or software development. 2. A de facto technical guideline for hardware or software development that occurs when a product or philosophy is developed by a single company and, through success and imitation, becomes so widely used that deviation from the norm causes compatibility p"

Standard deviation 标准偏差 "In statistics, a measure of the dispersion of a group of measurements relative to the mean (average) of that group. "

Standby 待用

Start 起动

Startup 启动 "The process of starting or resetting a computer. "

startup files 启动文件

Startup Program 启动程序 "The application that takes control of the system when the computer is turned on."

State 状态 "Synonymous with Status"

Statistics 统计学,统计值 "The branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships among groups of measurements and with the relevance of similarities and differences in those relationships. "

Status 状态 "The condition at a particular time of any of numerous elements of computing-a device, a communications channel, a network station, a program, a bit, or other element-used to report on or to control computer operations."

step increment 步进增量

Stereotype 典型

sticky notes 粘贴提示

Stock Ticker 证券报价机

Storage 存储 "In computing, any device in or on which information can be kept. Microcomputers have two main types of storage: random access memory (RAM) and disk drives and other external storage media. "

Strikethrough 删除线 "One or more lines drawn through a selected range of text, usually to show deletion or the intent to delete."

String 字符串 "A data structure composed of a sequence of characters usually representing human-readable text."

stripchart program 条状图程序

structure diagram 结构图

Style 风格

Subdirectory 子目录 "A directory (logical grouping of related files) within another directory."

Subject 主题,标题 "Topic line in an e-mail message"

Submenu 子菜单 "A menu that resides within another menu."

Submit 提交 "A function that passes a job, function or setting to the system for processing"

Subnet 子网 "1. In general, a network that forms part of a larger network. 2. In terms of the ISO/OSI reference model, the subnet comprises the layers below the transport layer-that is, the network, data link, and physical layers."

Subscript 下标,注脚 "One or more characters printed slightly below the baseline of surrounding text. "

subshell support 子shell支持

substring 子串 "A sequential section of a string. "

Suffix 后缀

Superscript 上标 "A character printed slightly above the surrounding text, usually in smaller type. "

Support 支持 "Assistance, such as technical advice provided to customers."

Suspend 挂起 "To halt a process temporarily. "

Swap 调换,交换 "1. To exchange one item for another, as in swapping floppy disks in and out of a single drive. 2. To move segments of programs or data between memory and disk storage. "

Switch level 交换级别 "1. A circuit element that has two states: on and off. 2. A control device that allows the user to choose one of two or more possible states. "

SYLK file 符合链接文件 "Short for symbolic link file. A file constructed with a proprietary Microsoft format, used primarily for exchanging spreadsheet data in such a way that formatting information and intercellular data value relationships are preserved."

Symbol 符号 "In programming, a name that represents a register, an absolute value, or a memory address (relative or absolute). "

Symbolic Link 符号链接 "A file of special type which contains no data but instead, points to another file or directory. Equivalent to a shortcut under Windows."

Symmetric control 对称控制

Synchronize 同步 "To cause to occur at the same time."

Syntax error 语法错误 "An error resulting from a statement that violates one or more of the grammatical rules of a language and is thus not 'legal'. "

System 系统 "Any collection of component elements that work together to perform a task. Examples are a hardware system consisting of a microprocessor, its allied chips and circuitry, input and output devices, and peripheral devices; an operating system consisting of a"

System Administrator 系统管理员 "The person responsible for administration and maintenance of a computer system."

System Configuration 系统配置 "A process that specifies the machines, devices and programs that form a particular processing system."

system settings 系统设置

Tab 缩进键 "A character used to align lines and columns on screen and in print. "

Table 表 "1. In programming, a data structure usually consisting of a list of entries, each entry being identified by a unique key and containing a set of related values. 2. In relational databases, a data structure characterized by rows and columns, with data occu"

tag 标记 "1. In programming, one or more characters containing information about a file, record type, or other structure. 2. In certain types of data files, a key or an address that identifies a record and its storage location in another file. 3. In markup languag"

Talk Talk "The UNIX command that, when followed by another user's name and address, is used to generate a request for a synchronous chat session on the Internet. "

tall 高

tar archive tar 归档 "A file created using the <command>tar</command> (Tape ARchive) program, which conglomerates multiple files, or even a whole directory tree, into one file for easy storage or transfer. These archives are often compressed using the gzip program and given a"

target file 目标文件 "The file to which data is to be written, as in a copy operation. "

task 任务 "A stand-alone application or a subprogram that is run as an independent entity."

TCLASS TCLASS

TCP/IP TCP/IP "Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol; pair of protocols used for all communication between computers on the Internet and most local networks. TCP/IP serves as a basis for higher level protocols (FTP, telnet, SMTP, …): all information sen"

Telnet Telnet "A protocol allowing logging into your computer account via Internet or local network from another computer; also, the command using this protocol. For more information, see manual page for telnet."

temp file 临时文件 "A file created either in memory or on disk, by the operating system or some other program, to be used during a session and then discarded. "

Template 模板 "1. In image processing, a pattern that can be used to identify or match a scanned image. 2. In spreadsheet programs, a predesigned spreadsheet that contains formulas, labels, and other elements. 3. In word processing and desktop publishing programs, a pr"

temporary buffer 临时缓冲区 "A region in memory or on a storage device that is temporarily allocated for use in storing intermediate data in a computational, sorting, or transfer operation."

TERM variable TERM 变量

Terminal 终端 "Originally, a physical device, a monitor capable of showing text output with a connected keyboard. Nowadays, mostly used to refer to a window on your screen which emulates one of these terminals and provides a command line prompt for entering commands and"

Terminate 终止 "1. With reference to software, to end a process or program. Abnormal termination occurs in response to user intervention or because of a hardware or software error. 2. With reference to hardware, to install a plug, jack, or other connector at the end of a"

Test 测试 "To check program correctness by trying out various sequences and input values. "

Test Module 测试模块

Text 文字 "Data that consists of characters representing the words and symbols of human speech; usually, characters coded according to the ASCII standard."

text area 文字区域

Text only 仅有文字 "A document file in ASCII format, containing characters, spaces, punctuation, carriage returns, and sometimes tabs and an end-of-file marker, but no formatting information. "

textual name 文字名

Theme 主题 "An integrated collection of graphical elements intended to give the desktop a certain look and feel. Common theme components include matching backgrounds, icons, and window decorations. The look of GNOME desktop is determined by 2 themes: a GTK theme, which determines the look of application menus, toolbars and other widgets, and window manager theme, which determines window borders, buttons, and window title font."

Threshold 阈值 "In image processing, a specified gray level used for producing a binary image."

Thumb Nails 缩略图 "A miniature version of an image or electronic version of a page that is generally used to allow quick browsing through multiple images or pages. "

Tick 时钟信号 "1. A regular, rapidly recurring signal emitted by a clocking circuit; also, the interrupt generated by this signal. "

Ticker Properties 指示器属性

Tile 平铺 "In computer-graphics programming, to fill adjacent blocks of pixels on the screen with a design or pattern without allowing any blocks to overlap."

Time format 时间格式 "A calendar default that identifies whether times are shown acc. to a 12-hour clock or a 24-hour clock."

time stamp 时戳 "In computing, the timekeeping and datekeeping functions maintained by the computer's operating system, used most visibly as a means of 'stamping' files with the date and time of creation or last revision."

Timeout 超时 "An event that indicates that a predetermined amount of time has elapsed without some other expected event taking place. The time-out event is used to interrupt the process that had been waiting for the other expected event. "

Timer 定时器 "A register (high-speed memory circuit) or a special circuit, chip, or software routine used to measure time intervals."

Timezone 时区

Timing 定时

Title 标题,头衔

TODO List TODO 列表

toggle 切换 "An electronic device with two states or a program option that can be turned on or off using the same action, such as a mouse click."

Tolerance 公差

Tool 工具 "A package of compact, well-designed programs designed to do a specific task well."

topic 话题

Transfer 传输 "The movement of data from one location to another. "

Transfer statement 转移语句 "A statement in a programming language that transfers the flow of execution to another location in the program. "

Transitive 传递 "A relationship is transitive if when it applies from A to B and from B to C it also applies from A to C."

Translate 翻译 "In programming, to convert a program from one language to another. Translation is performed by special programs such as compilers, assemblers, and interpreters. "

transmission channel 传输通道 "1. A path or link through which information passes between two devices. A channel can be either internal or external to a microcomputer. 2. In communications, a medium for transferring information. "

Transparent 透明的 "In computer use, describing a device, function, or part of a program that works so smoothly and easily that it is invisible to the user. "

Transpose 转置 "The result of rotating a matrix. To reverse, as the order of the letters h and t in hte, in correcting the spelling of the; or reversing two wires in a circuit."

Trash 废纸篓 "An icon on the screen, resembling a garbage can. To delete a file or eject a diskette, the user drags the icon for the file or diskette to the Trash. "

Tree 树 "A data structure containing zero or more nodes that are linked together in a hierarchical fashion. If there are any nodes, one node is the root; each node except the root is the child of one and only one other node; and each node has zero or more nodes as"

Trim 修整,整理

Tty Tty "Acronym for teletypewriter. A device for low-speed communications over a telephone line, consisting of a keyboard that sends a character code for each keystroke and a printer that prints characters as their codes are received. "

Turing Machine 图灵机 "A theoretical model created by British mathematician Alan Turing in 1936 that is considered the prototype for digital computers. "

Type 类型 "1. In programming, the nature of a variable, for example, integer, real number, text character, or floating-point number. 2. In printing, the characters that make up printed text, or the complete set of characters in a given size and style (font). "

type bindings 类型约束

Type mismatch 类型不匹配

Undelete 取消删除 "To restore deleted information, usually the last item deleted. "

Underline 加下划线 "To format a selection of text so that the text is printed with a line slightly below it."

Undo 取消 "To reverse the last action-for example, to undo a deletion, thus restoring deleted text to a document. "

Unexpected end 意外结束

unexpected error 意外错误

Unicode Unicode "A character set which strives to include all symbols in all human alphabets, and all special symbol used by people. It is a work in progress; the latest version of Unicode (3.0) includes 49,194 characters and covers languages ranging from English to Chine"

Uninstall 反安装 "To remove software completely from a system, including the elimination of files and components residing in system locations such as the Registry in Windows 9x, Windows NT, or Windows 2000. "

UNIX UNIX "An operating system originally developed at Bell Labs in the early 1970s by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie; any of a large number of operating systems sharing many features with the original UNIX operating system, such as Sun's Solaris or IBM's AIX. For legal reasons, operating systems such as FreeBSD and Linux can not be called UNIX, but they do share all important features with UNIX systems; thus, they are commonly called UNIX-like."

Unknown host 未知主机 "A response to a request for a connection to a server that indicates that the network is unable to find the specified address. "

Unload 卸载 "1. To remove a storage medium, such as a tape or disk, from its drive. 2. To remove software from system memory. "

Untitled 未命名 "A new file that has not yet been saved by the user unser a specific name."

Update 更新 "A new release of an existing software product. A software update usually adds relatively minor new features to a product or corrects errors (bugs) found after the program was released. To change a system or a data file to make it more current."

Upgrade 升级 "The new or enhanced version of a product. To change to a newer, usually more powerful or sophisticated version."

Uptime 持续运行时间,开机时间 "The amount or percentage of time a computer system or associated hardware is functioning and available for use. "

Urgent condition 紧急情况

URL URL "An address or ocation of a document. Most common URL types are a Web address (such as http://www.gnome.org), a file on a FTP server (e.g., ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub), or a file on your own local system (e.g., file:/usr/doc/). "

USB USB "Universal Serial Bus; an interface for connecting various peripherals, from keyboard to digital cameras, to the computer. "

User 用户 "An actual person who uses a computer system, identified by a unique username, or a virtual person or role similarly identified by a unique username. Virtual users may be used to run daemon or other software."

User defined 用户定义 "Something determined by the user"

user directory 用户目录 "gnome-core.pot"

User Interface 用户界面 "The portion of a program with which a user interacts. Types of user interfaces, or UIs, include command-line interfaces, menu-driven interfaces, and graphical user interfaces. "

Username 用户名 "A string of alphanumeric characters uniquely identifying a user of a computer system. Most usernames are based on the user's real name, so Mary Smith might have the username 'mary' or 'msmith'."

Valid chars 有效字符

Value 值 "A quantity assigned to an element such as a variable, symbol, or label. "

Variable 变量 "In programming, a named storage location capable of containing data that can be modified during program execution. "

Variance 分歧 "The average of the squares of the deviations of a number of observations of a quantity from their mean value."

Vector Graphics 矢量图 "Images generated from mathematical descriptions that determine the position, length, and direction in which lines are drawn. Objects are created as collections of lines rather than as patterns of individual dots or pixels. "

Vendor 厂商,供货商

VERBOSE 冗余,详细 "Displaying messages as English text rather than as concise (but cryptic) codes."

Verify 校验,核实 "To confirm either that a result is correct or that a procedure or sequence of operations has been performed."

Version 版本 "A particular issue or release of a hardware product or software title."

Vertical 垂直的

Vertical Alignment 垂直对齐

VFS VFS

Video 视频 "Pertaining to the visual component of a television signal. In relation to computers, video refers to the rendering of text and graphics images on displays."

View 视图 "The display of data or an image from a given perspective or location. "

Viewport 视口,视见区 "A specified window on a display surface that marks the limits of a display."

Virtual 虚拟 "Pertaining to a device, service, or sensory input that is perceived to be what it is not in actuality, usually as more 'real' or concrete than it actually is."

Virtual Desktop 虚拟桌面 "Some <link linkend='wmanager'>window managers</link> allow the user to have several virtual desktops;you could have application windows open and working on all of them, even though at every moment, only one of the virtual desktops is shown on your screen."

Visualization 视觉化表示,视觉呈现 "A feature of an application that displays data in the form of a video image. For example, some databases can interpret and show data in the form of a two- or three-dimensional model."

Volume 容量,音量 "1. A disk or tape that stores computer data. Sometimes, large hard disks are divided into several volumes, each of which is treated as a separate disk. 2. The loudness of an audio signal."

Wallpaper 墙纸 "In a graphical user interface, a pattern or picture in the screen background that can be chosen by the user. "

Warning 警告

Watch file 监视文件

Web Page 网页 "A document on the World Wide Web. A Web page consists of an HTML file, with associated files for graphics and scripts, in a particular directory on a particular machine (and thus identifiable by a URL). "

Weight 重,重量

Width 宽,宽度

Window 窗口 "The interface element used to display most applications under a windowing GUI such as <link linkend='xwin'>X Window System</link>. Windows typically consist of a main area in which typing or other work occurs, a title bar (which may contain buttons to mi window-specific menus, and a scroll bar down either side of the window if required."

Window Manager 窗口管理器 "A program which extends the capabilities of the <link linkend='xwin'>X Window System</link> by providing most of the user-friendly <link linkend='widget'>widgets</link> people expect from a windowing system, such as window borders, buttons and menus, wa"

Word 字 "The native unit of storage on a particular machine. A word is the largest amount of data that can be handled by the microprocessor in one operation and also, as a rule, the width of the main data bus. "

Work 工作

Workbook 工作簿 "In a spreadsheet program, a file containing a number of related worksheets. "

working directory 工作目录 "The directory in which the user's commands take place, unless another directory is specified."

Workspaces 工作空间 "The background screen area on which windows and icons are displayed."

Wrap 回绕 "To continue movement, as with the cursor or a search operation, to the beginning or to a new starting point rather than stopping when the end of a series is reached. "

Write 写入 "A transfer of information to a storage device, such as a disk, or to an output device, such as the monitor or printer. "

WVLAN WVLAN

X Align X 对齐

XDMCP socket XDMCP套接字

XML XML "Acronym for eXtensible Markup Language, a condensed form of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language). XML lets Web developers and designers create customized tags that offer greater flexibility in organizing and presenting information than is possible "

zero 零 "The arithmetic symbol (0) representing no magnitude."

Zigzagline 折线

Zip Drive Zip驱动器 "A disk drive developed by Iomega that uses 3.5-inch removable disks (Zip disks) capable of storing 100 megabytes of data. "

Zoom 缩放 "To enlarge a selected portion of a graphical image or document to fill a window or the screen. "